American Physiological Society
By Nancy J. Pelaez, Denise D. Boyd, Jacqueline B. Rojas, and Mildred A. Hoover
“Prevalence of Blood Circulation Misconceptions among Prospective Elementary Teachers”
Publisher: Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
3-29
Pp. 172-181
2005
Prevalence of Blood Circulation Misconceptions among Prospective Elementary Teachers
Type: Empirical
Data collection method: Survey
Number of subjects, range: Large — 31 or more
Grade and age of subjects: Adult — over 18 years

  • Oxygen is a fuel or nutrient.
  • Carbon dioxide is poisonous.
  • Carbon dioxide turns hemoglobin blue.
  • Waste carbon dioxide turns lungs black.
  • White blood cells carry carbon dioxide.
  • The blood stream has space for air.
  • Carbon dioxide converted to oxygen.
  • All the carbon dioxide is cleared.
  • Blood devoid of oxygen is oxygenated.
  • Term osmosis used instead of diffusion.
  • Direction for diffusion reversed.
  • Round trip around hands and then feet.
  • Blood travels from heart to lungs to body.
  • Blood travels from body to lungs.
  • Right and left side of heart reversed