WELCOME BACK TO LATIN.
Welcome to the second semester of this two-semester
Elementary Latin course. This class will solidify your basic knowledge of
the language of the ancient Romans: the language that has given English
half of its rich and colorful vocabulary. If you really want to know English,
and to use it well, you must understand Latin.
You have made a good choice
by signing up for this class. Latin helps you to learn other languages,
to think logically, and to understand grammatical principles. It is the
key to understanding Roman culture, and is part of the traditional classical
curriculum upon which the western world has based education for over a thousand
years. It is a language of history, of lyric, epic, and philosophy. It is
a language of comedy, tragedy, rhetoric, and satire; of the novel and the
epitaph, the epistle, the fable and the Church. Latin helped to unite the
ancient world, to bring civilization through the Dark Ages, to spread the
ideas of the Renaissance. It is the language of the Law; it is the language
of Medicine and the Sciences; it is the language of the intellectual.
Latin is fundamental. You will be glad to know it.
TEXTBOOK AND ASSIGNMENTS
Our textbook is a fine one:
The Oxford Latin Course. We will begin in book II lesson 21,
and continue through lesson 51 of book III. This program has proven itself
in hundreds of classrooms all over the world. For successful learning, I
strongly urge that students complete each assignment before it is due, and
read a couple of paragraphs from each story, whether or not they are assigned
that day.
PROCEDURES
We will proceed at a rapid
pace this term; we will learn the grammar in lessons 21-51, which will require
us to read approximately two chapters per week. Look carefully at the schedule
of assignments and note that we will go over some chapters in a single class
session, and others in two. Please plan your study schedule accordingly.
The professor will try to call on each student in each class. Students
are expected to come to class prepared to read aloud, to translate, to ask
informed and thoughtful questions, and to show that they have completed
their homework.
Please note that there are
several classes of “Review” during the semester. Be sure
to use this time well. I advise all students to keep up with the assignments
and readings; it will be very difficult to “cram” for examinations.
All material builds on previous knowledge, which you must obtain along the
way.
HOMEWORK
In order to help students stay
“caught up,” the Magister will assign daily reading and
homework exercises for almost every class. Written homework assignments
will seldom, if ever, be handed in, but are vital to the learning process.
Use them to guide your in-class questions, and to prepare for your daily
quizzes. Try to do your homework somewhere where you can read aloud. Learning
a foreign language requires you to hear the sounds the words make. It is
always a good idea to look at upcoming assignments and see what the homework
will be, so you can be prepared and plan your time wisely. You might even
want to work ahead.
STUDY HINTS
When preparing for class, please do not write
out translations of the Latin you read. Please do not write translation
aids in your textbooks. Do your best to read the sentences and make sense
of the grammar without these aids.
1. Read the sentence aloud in Latin.
2. Read it again, trying to ascertain the grammatical structure
of the sentence (subject, verb, object, participles, prepositional phrases,
etc.)
3. Look up words you do not know. Write down the definitions of
the words, and note their forms.
4. Read the sentence again, putting grammar and vocabulary together
to make a literal meaning.
As I said above, try to do your homework somewhere where you can read
aloud. Learning a foreign language requires you to hear the sounds the words
make. It is always a good idea to look at upcoming assignments and see what
the homework will be, so you can be prepared and plan your time wisely.
You might even want to work ahead.
FINAL EXAMINATION
Students will take a final
examination after the 15th week. This examination will consist mostly of
translation from Latin into English, with grammar questions and principal
parts. The best way to prepare for the final examination (and the daily
quizzes) is to translate from Latin to English for every class, to complete
homework assignments, and memorize principal parts and the vocabulary for
each chapter. Students will be well advised to spend time reading the explanations
of grammar that accompany each set of homework exercises, and to study the
charts in the REFERENCE GRAMMAR the back of the textbooks.
DAILY QUIZZES
Daily Quizzes will also assess
student progress. The Daily Quizzes will come mostly from the assigned homework,
text readings, grammar explanations and vocabulary charts in our textbook.
These quizzes will assess how well students are learning to translate, how
well they are learning new vocabulary, and how well they understand grammatical
principles. The quizzes will be short (10 minutes maximum). Students who
miss class will not be allowed to make up the daily quizzes, but at the
end of the semester, the Magister will drop the three lowest quiz
grades and/or the lowest three participation grades (total of six).
PARTICIPATION
The professor will assess each student’s preparation
in every class meeting. If a student is absent, the participation grade
is 0. If the student is present and very well prepared, the grade is 95.
If the student is present and less prepared, but shows good work, the grade
is 85. If the student shows mediocre preparation, the grade is 75. Poor
preparation earns 65. Students who come to class unprepared earn a grade
of 50. The professor will inform students of their participation grades
at least three times during the semester.
GRADES
Student grades will be determined on the basis of:
Daily Quizzes 40%, Class Participation/Preparation 40%, Final Examination:20%
The grading scale is as follows:
A 90-100% B 80-89% C 70-79% D 60-69%
ACADEMIC HONESTY
Cheating is NEFAS. Be honest. Students
will do their own work. It is O.K. to study together, but the product of
student work must be individual. Do not give your homework assignments to
another student to copy. Do not ask for someone else’s work so that you
can copy it. Do not look at another student’s work during quizzes or examinations.
Students who copy others’ work will suffer grade sanction. The professor
will report all students involved in incidents of academic dishonesty to
the Office of Student Affairs. If you are not sure what academic dishonesty
is all about, please check with the Office of Community Standards and Student
Ethics (http://www.uark.edu/ua/ethics/).
The professor will report all students involved in incidents of academic
dishonesty to this office.
INCLEMENT WEATHER POLICY
Students may make up work missed if they cannot
come to class because of inclement weather. If the University is open, we
will hold scheduled classes. Please do not call to find out if we will hold
class; if the University is open, class will go on.
STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
If you are registered with the Office of Student
Disabilities for the purpose of accommodation (http://www.uark.edu/ua/csd/),
please inform the professor before the semester begins, or in the first
week of class, and bring all relevant paperwork to his office in a timely
fashion.
CONTACT THE MAGISTER
Daniel B. Levine. Professor, Classical Studies
Kimpel Hall 502 (office) 575-5937
Department of Foreign Langauges
Kimpel Hall 425 (Mailbox and Secretary) 575-2951
Fax: 479-575-6795
Email: dlevine@uark.edu
Office Hours: MWF 09:30-10:20, and by appointment.
web page: www.uark.edu/campus-resources/dlevine/Vita.html
MY JOB/YOUR JOB
My job is to help you to learn Latin, but
you will only accomplish this if, in addition to coming to every class,
you work hard, and ask good, serious, and specific questions. Give your
studies the time they need; it is a worthwhile investment.
SINT VOBIS OMNIA FAUSTA FORTUNATAQUE!
TENTATIVE SCHEDULE. LATIN 1013.
MAGISTER D. B. LEVINE. SPRING,
MMVII.
Week 1
Wednesday January 17 :Welcome and Review: Capitulum xxi. Read
pages 31-33, and come to class prepared to translate “Marcus Quintum
domum suam invitat.”
Quizlet (Probatio parva): Translation and grammar questions from
lines 15-31, pages 32-33.
Friday, January 19: Capitulum xxii. Read page 39 (cartoons), Grammar
for Ch. xxii (p. 127-128), and “Fabella” on page 42. (What does
“Fabella” mean?.
Quizlet (probatio parva): Some sentences from Exercise 22.2 (page
127): Translation and grammar questions.
Week 2
Monday, January 22 Capitulum xxii:
Read “Ludi Circenses” (pages 40-41), and
Memorize and write the principal parts of four verbs:
rapio, rapere, rapui, raptum (I steal)
spero,sperare, speravi, speratum (I hope)
pareo, parere, parui, paritum (I obey)
frango, frangere, fregi, fractum (I break)
Quizlet (probatio parva): Some sentences from the last two paragraphs
on pp. 40-41 (lines 18-33). Translation and grammar questions, including
identifying gender, number, and case of nouns.
Wednesday, January 24 Capitulum xxiii
1.Memorize and write the principal parts of three verbs:
fero, ferre, tuli, latum (I bear, carry)
eo, ire, ii, itum (I go)
facio, facere, feci, factum (I make, do)
2. Be able to translate and explain grammar of sentences in Exercise
23.2
3. Be able to translate the forms of fero and facio in
exercise 23.1.
Friday, January 26 Capitulum xxiv
Homework: Read all the grammar for chapter 24, and memorize the examples
on p. 130: fortis,fortior, fortissumus; longus, longior, longissimus;
tristis, tristior, tristissimus; and p. 131: bonus, melior,
optimus; malus peior pessimus; magnus, maior, maximus; multus, plus, plurimus;
parvus, minor, minimus. Learn the vocabulary on page 54.
Carefully read the cartoons on page 53. Translate sentences 1-6 in
24.22.
Quizlet (probatio parva) will contain “fill in the
blanks,” for example:bonus ______ optimus; _____,
tristior, tristissimus. Also, there will be sentences from 24.2, and the
cartoons on p. 53 to translate. Finally, principal parts of the verb
caveo, cavere, cavi, cautum (I beware of)
Week 3
Monday, January 29 Capitulum xxv
Homework: Read page 59 carefully, and note adverbs and their degree (positive,
comparative, superlative). Study the vocabulary on page 60.
Read the first fourteen lines on page 60, note all adjectives and adverbs,
and be able to say whether they are in the positive, comparative, or superlative
form.
Translate the ten sentences in Exercise 25.2, and be prepared to answer
questions about comparison of adjectives and adverbs in these sentences.
Be sure to know which words are adjectives, and which are adverbs.
Wednesday, January 31 Capitulum xxvi
Read the captions under the pictures on page 65, and the first 15 lines
of Idus Martiae (66-67). Pay attention to participles.
Translate the sentences in 26.1, paying careful attention to participles.
Probatio parva (Probatio parva): 1. Decline in full
‘the ruling king’: rex regens, regis regentis, regi regenti, regem regentem,
rege regente; reges regentes, regum regentium, regibus regentibus,
reges regentes, regibus regentibus. 2. Be prepared to translate
the assigned readings and exercises and answer grammar questions like:
‘Identify the participle in #8 by gender, number, and case, and identify
the noun with which it agrees.’
Friday, February 02 Capitulum xxvi
Read p. 67, lines 16-28, noting all participles. Complete Exercise
26.2, noting all participles. Complete Exercise 26.3, taking care
to put verbs in proper form of participle.
Probatio Parva: Six sentences (total) from Exercises 26.2
and 26.3. In sentences from 26.2, students will explain participles (agreement,
gender, number, and case). In the sentences from 26.3, students will
put the parenthetical verbs in the correct form and translate.
Week 4
Monday, February 05 xxvii
Read captions on page 71, and the grammar on pages 135-136. Memorize
the forms of the future tense of sum: ero, eris, erit, erimus,
eritis, erunt. Memorize the future tense of the verb laudo:
laudabo, laudabis, laudabit, laudabimus, laudabitis, laudabunt. Memorize
the future tense of the verb facio: faciam, facies, faciet,
faciemus, facietis, facient. Translate the sentences in exercises
27.3 and 27.4.
Probatio Parva: Write the future tense of sum, laudo,
and facio; translate 4 sentences from 27.3 and 27.4.
Wednesday, February 07 xxviii
Read page 137-138. Study carefully the grammar of relative clauses,
and the forms of the relative pronoun. Memorize the vocabulary words
on page 79. Read the captions on page 78 and the first fifteen lines
of the story on page 79. Identify every relative pronoun (I count
a total of seven in both places). Be able to identify the antecedent
of each relative pronoun, to give its gender, number, and case. Be
able to tell why the case of each relative pronoun is what it is.
Complete exercise 28.2 on page 138.
Probatio Parva: Translate a passage from the first fifteen
lines of the story on page 79, and identify relative pronouns and their
antecedents.
Friday, February 09 xxix
Read page 138-139. Complete Exercise 29.2. Read the captions under
the pictures on page 83, and the first twenty lines of the story “Academia,”
pp. 84-85. Be able to explain the different uses of ‘quam’ in lines
3, 5, and 16. Be able to explain the use of ‘utruman’ in lines 14-15
(see Vocabulary). Find three imperative verb forms.
Probatio Parva: Translate three sentences from exercise
29.2, and at least three sentences from the first twenty lines of the story.
Be able to answer grammar questions about all sentences.
Week 5
Monday, February 12 xxx
Read page 89, captions, and identify all passive participles (can you
find four?). Memorize the principal parts of the verbs iubeo,
video, and mitto (p. 140). Read the top of p. 141, sentences
1-5,and note the use of the passive participle. Complete exercises 30.1,
30.2, 30.3 and 30.4.
Probatio Parva: Write the principal parts of iubeo,
video, mitto; Translate and explain grammar in sentences
from the top of page 141, and from exercises 30.3, and 30.4.
Wednesday, February 14 xxx
Memorize the principal parts of nubo, sentio, scribo,
and facio. Complete Exercise 30.5. Read page 91, lines 1-47.
Probatio Parva: Principal parts of nubo, sentio, scribo,
facio, and some sentences from the first 28 lines on p. 91.
Friday, February 16 xxxi
Read Grammar, pages 142-143 on passive constructions. Pay careful
attention to how these are translated. Read captions p. 96, and identify
all passive constructions.. Write answers to 31.1, 31.2, 31.3.
Be sure to understand how to translate the three tenses: perfect passive
(I was ___ ed), future passive (I shall have been ____ ed), pluperfect passive
(I had been ___ ed). Note that the perfect passive participle and
the proper forms of the verb sum (sum, ero, eram) are used to form these
tenses.
Probatio parva: Friday, 17 February: Principal parts
of tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatum (I raise, lift, ch. 30) and opprimo,
opprimere, oppressi, oppressum (I oppress, ch. 31). Sentences from Exercises
31.2, 31.3 and captions on p. 96.
Week 6
Monday, February 19 xxxi
Re-read the grammar on pp. 142-143, and see how passives are translated.
Complete Exercise 31.4, and be able to explain the passive forms in the
sentences. Complete sentences #1, 2, 5, and 6 in Exercise 31.5.
Probatio parva: Principal parts of do, dare, dedi datum
(I give), duco, ducere, duxi, ductum (I lead). Translate and answer
questions about grammar in sentences from 31.4, 31.5.
Wednesday, February 21 xxxii
Read Grammar, page 144-145. The passive forms for present, future
and imperfect are new, and so, so good! Just remember: -r,
-ris, -tur, -mur, -mini, -ntur, and you will be fine! Read captions
on page 102 — three times! Identify all passive forms. Complete exercise
32.1, 32.2, 32.3.
Probatio parva: Captions under pictures on page 102.
Translate and identify all passive forms fully: tense, voice, mood,
person and number.
Friday, February 23 Review (xxxiii) (no new grammar)
Read page 97 “Brutus Athenas advenit,” 1-38, and
“Marcus Bruto se coniungit,” 1-12. We will spend the whole class
reading. Come prepared to read, translate, and explain grammar. Fun!
Week 7
Monday, February 26
Read pages 103-104, “Bellum civile,” lines 1-36.
Probatio parva: Translate some sentences from Exercise 32.3,
and answer grammar questions.
Wednesday, February 28 xxxiv NEW BOOK PART III
In Part III of Oxford Latin Course, read page 6, and identify
the subjunctive verbs in the hortatory and purpose clauses under
the pictures. Learn how to recognize clauses with ut + subjunctive,
and ne + subjunctive mood. Read page 127 carefully, and complete exercises
34.1, 34.2, 34.3, and 34.4.
Probatio parva: Sentences from 34.3 and 34.4. Principal
parts of viso, peto.
Friday, March 02 xxxiv
In Part III of Oxford Latin Course, read page 7, lines 1-27, and
complete exercises 34.5, 34.6, and #1, 2, and 3 in 34.7. Learn how
the imperfect subjunctive functions, and how to recognize it.
Probatio parva: Sentences from 34.5 and 34.7, and principal
parts of scio, occido, fero, sum.
Week 8
Monday, March 05 xxxv
In Part III of Oxford Latin Course, read page 12, and identify
the ‘indirect commands’ under each picture. Read page 131 carefully,
and complete exercises 35.1, 35.2,and #1, and 2 in 35.3. Remember:
persuadeo and impero take the dative case.
Probatio parva: Sentences from captions on page 12, and
from pages 131-132, including example sentences. Principal parts of
veto, vetare, vetui, vetitum.
Wednesday, March 07 xxxvi
Read pages 132-135. Learn the forms of the pluperfect subjunctive
(they’re very simple!), and the passive forms of the present
subjunctive (-r, -ris, -tur, -mur-, -mini, -ntur), the imperfect subjunctive
subjunctive (-r, -ris, -tur, -mur-, -mini, -ntur), and the pluperfect subjunctive
(perfect participle with essem, esses, esset, essemus, essetis, essent).
Complete the odd numbers of exercises 35.4, 35.5, 35.6, 35.7, and #1 in
35.8.
Probatio parva: Five sentences from 35.7 (evens and odds
are fair game).
Friday, March 09 xxxvi
Read the captions under the pictures on page 18. Look at the list
of deponent verbs on page 19. A deponent verb is a verb that has
passive forms but active meanings. You will recognize a deponent
verb because it will end in or in the vocaublary. Memorize as
many of the verbs on page 19 as you can. Say them out loud. Read
the explanations on page 135-136. Note that the participles of deponent
verbs are passaive in form but active in meaning, too: profectus =
having set out. Complete exercise 36.1, 36.2, and 36.3.
Probatio parva: Principal parts of loquor (I speak,say)
patior (I suffer), progredior (I advance) on page 19;
note that the last one of these three verbs is part of the motto of the
U of A! The quiz will contain six sentences from Exercise 36.3. Deponent
verbs to recognize: labor (I slip, fall), regredior (I go
back), proficiscor (I set out, leave), sequor (I follow),
ingredior (I go into), colloquor (I speak with).
Week 9
Monday, March 12 xxxvi
Read about Passive Imperatives on page 137 and complete exercise 36.4
and 36.5. Complete #1, 2, and 3 in Exercise 36.6. Read the captions
again on page 18, and read “Scintilla desperat” pages 19-20, lines
1-38.
Probatio parva: Translate sentences from “Scintilla desperat”
lines 1-28 (pages 19-20). Be able to answer grammar questions from
these lines.
Wednesday, March 14 xxxvii
Read the captions under the pictures on page 24. Identify the ablative
absolutes there. What makes an ablative absolute?
A participle in the ablative + a noun or pronoun in the ablative as its
subject. Remember: the subject of an ablative absolute
is always different from the subject of the main sentence.
Read lines 1-12 in “Philippi” on page 25, and identify two
ablative absolutes there. Read page 138-141, and identify four ablative
absolutes in the examples on page 139. Complete exercises 37.1, 37.2,
and 37.7. Notice that in 37.7 there is no participle for the verb
‘to be,’ so you just have to supply one, like in the Motto of the
University of Arkansas: Veritate Duce Progredi: To Go
Forward (with) Truth (being) Leader.
Probatio parva: Sentences from 37.7, 37.2, 37.1
Friday, March 16
REVIEW, chapters xxxiv-xxxvii
Spring Break (Nolite In Ludum Intrare)
Week 10
Monday, March 26 xxxviii
Read the captions on page 29 and identify the future participles
there. What endings do these participles have? How can we recognize
future participles? How does the English word “future” help us?
Memorize the principal parts of the verbs that mean I embrace, I gaze at,
and I lie down, p. 38. What English words do they give us? Read
lines 1-10 of Quintus Athenas fugit, p. 30. Read the grammar on pages
141-142. Complete the odd numbers of exercise 38.1 and all the sentences
in 38.2.
Probatio parva: Principal parts of intueor, complector,
and cubo. Sentences from Exercise 38.2, with translation and grammar
questions.
Wednesday, March 28 xxxix
Read the captions on page 35. You will see that in indirect questions,
Romans used the subjunctive! Identify six verbs in the subjunctive
mood on this page (hint: they are not the verbs of asking, but they
follow the question words why, what, and when). Read the grammar explanations
on page 143 and 144. Read them again. Look carefully at the
use of utrum an and the sequence of tenses. Look at them again…
carefully. Then complete Exercises 39.1, 39.2, and 39.3. Don’t
try these exercises until you have read carefully the grammar on pages 143-144.
Probatio parva, Chapter xxxix: Sentences from the captions on
page 35, and sentences in 39.1, 39.2, and 39.3.
Friday, March 30 xl
Read the captions under the pictures on page 41. Pay special attention
to the words with the asterisks beside them. Learn these verbs!
Read Chapter 40 Grammar, page 146: uses of the ablative case.
Complete Exercise 40.1. Read the Grammar on page 147, including semi-deponent
verbs. Complete Exercise 40.3.
Probatio parva: Write the principal parts of these verbs:
I trust in, I am accustomed to, I dare. Translate and explain grammar in
sentences from exercises 40.1 and 40.3.
Week 11
Monday, April 02 xli
Chapter 41 (part 1). Read the captions under the pictures on page
48. Note that INDIRECT STATEMENT contains a verb like ‘says,’ ‘thinks,’
‘believes,’followed by an accusative that is the subject of an infinitive:
MAGISTER DICIT PUEROS ESSE MALOS = THE TEACHER SAYS THAT THE BOYS
ARE NAUGHTY. Note that the word ‘that’ in the English sentence does
not occur in the Latin. Note also that the infinitive is not
translated ‘to be,’ but as a conjugated verb ‘are.’ Read the grammar
on pages 148-150. Complete exercises 41.1, 41.2. What other
verbs besides ‘say’ can introduce Indirect Statement? I see seven
of them in exercise 41.2. Do you see them? There they are! Find
them all!
Probatio parva: Sentences from captions on page 48, exercise
41.2, and examples on pages 149-150.
Wednesday, April 04 xli
Chapter 41 (part 2). Read the grammar on page 150 (middle) and
complete exercises 41.3, 41.4 (you can do it!), and read the first 18 lines
of ‘Quintus carmina facit’ on pages 49-50. Also, read the first 13
lines of ‘Vergilius amicitiam Quinti petit’ on page 51.
Probatio parva: Sentences from the first 10 lines of ‘Quintus
carmina facit’ and/or the first 13 lines of ‘Vergilius amicitiam Quinti
petit..’
Friday, April 06 xlii
Read lines 1-31 of ‘Pompeius ad patriam revenit’ on pages 54-55.
Probatio parva: Sentences from ‘Pompeius ad patriam revenit.’
Week 12
Monday, April 09 xliii
Homework: Read the cartoon captions on page 59.
Identify each subjunctive and be able to explain its use. Read the
grammar explanation on pages 153 and 154. Result Clauses!
These are pretty straightforward. You get a word like tam,
tot, totiens, ita, adeo (‘so, so great, so many,
so often, in such a way, so much’) in a main clause, followed by ‘ut’ (‘that’)
and the subjunctive. Look at the examples. Here is one:
‘You will like this chapter so much that you will
want to read more.’ Homework: Complete Exercises 43.1 (all),
and 43.2 (#1 and 2). Do them and read them aloud.
Probatio parva: Sentences from captions and 43.1 and 43.2,
and give the principal parts of the verb for, fari, fatus sum ‘I
speak, say’ (p. 60).
Wednesday, April 11 xliv
Homework: Read p. 64 captions. Note the Conditional clauses.
Answer the question at the bottom of the page. Write your answer down
on a piece of paper, after reading the grammatical explanation on pages
155 and 156. There are three main kinds of CONDITIONAL CLAUSES
that we will look at: Simple Fact (indicative), Contrary to Fact (subjunctive),
and Future Conditions (future more vivid and future less vivid).
When you see a conditional sentence (beginning with si (“if”),
you will need to identify it as belonging to one of these three groups.
Homework: Exercises 44.1 and 44.2.
Probatio parva: Sentences from 44.1 and 44.2. Be able
to translate in accordance with the type of condition, and give the principal
parts of the verb careo, carere, carui (+ abl.) ‘I lack, am without’
(p. 65).
Friday, April 13 xlv
Use of Subjunctive in Main Clauses. Read the grammar on
pages 158 and 159, and be sure you know these uses of the subjunctive:
Jussive (hortatory) “Let us…”, Deliberative
Questions “Shall we?”, Optative (wishes)
“May you Would that (I wish) that, May we not” and Potential
“I should, I would, I might” Study examples of these on
the Uses of the Subjunctive handout.
Homework: Complete exercises 45.1, 45.2, 45.3, and #1 and #2 of
45.4.
Probatio parva: Sentences from 45.1, 45.2, 45.3. Be
able to identify subjunctive uses.
Week 13
Monday, April 16 xlvi
Capitulum quadraginta sex. “Quintus rusticus fit.” What does
this title mean? Homework: Read captions on page 77 and lines 1-38
on pages 78-79.
Probatio parva: Translate and answer questions about the
reading assignment.
Wednesday, April 18 xlvii (pars prima).
The Uses of cum and dum. Homework: Read pages
161-163. How many different meanings of ‘cum’ and ‘dum’ do you find? What
are their uses? Read the first two paragraphs on page 85 ‘Actium,’
and identify uses of ‘cum’ in ln. 2 and ln. 10, and of ‘dum’ in line 1.
Complete Ex. 47.1, 47.2.
Probatio parva: Sentences, lines 1-10 on page 85, and exercises
47.1, 47.2; grammar questions.
Friday, April 20 xlvii (pars secunda)
The connecting relative; alternative verb and noun forms.
Homework: Read pages 163-164. Pay careful attention to
the example sentences. Complete Exercise 47.3. Read “Actium,”
lines 11-36.
Probatio parva: Sentences from 47.3 and “Actium.”
Week 14
Monday, April 23 xlviii
Clauses of Fearing. Homework: Read page 165 and complete exercises
48.1, 48.2, and #1 and #2 in 48.3.
Probatio parva: Sentences from exercises 48.1, 48.2, and
48.3.
Wednesday, April 25 xlix
Impersonal verbs. Homework: Read grammar on
p. 167. Complete Execise 49.1. Read Grammar on p. 168.
Complete Exercise 49.2.
Probatio parva: Complete sentences from 49.1, 49.2, and
49.3 (#1 and #2).
Friday, April 27 l
Gerunds. Gerunds are declined in the genitive, dative, accusative
and ablative. There is no nominative! Note also that Gerunds
are verbal nouns, and we translate them actively, and is translated “_____
-ing” the art of speaking = ars dicendi; for the
sake of studying = studendi causa; by pardoning enemies
= inimicis ignoscendo; for/by writing poems = carmina
scribendo. Docendo discimus = we learn by teaching. There
is not time for speaking: non est tempus loquendi. Modus
vivendi = a way of living.
Homework: Read pages 169-170, complete Exercise 50.1 and Exercise
50.2 #1, 2, 3. Read caption on page 99, and lines 1-14 on pages 99-100.
Probatio parva: Sentences from 50.1, 50.2 (1, 2, 3), and
lines 1-14 on pp. 99-100.
Week 15
Monday, April 30 li
Gerundives: “to be ___ -ed.”
We have learned that gerunds are active verbal nouns (ad scribendum
= for writing). Well, gerundives look the same, but are passive
verbal adjectives: cena paranda est = dinner is to be prepared
(should be prepared). As you can see on page 174, they are
often used for obligation, with the dative of the person concerned.
ad palatium vobis festinandum erit = It will be hurried by
you to the palace: You will have to hurry to the palace.
nobis magister audiendus est = The teacher is to be heard
by us = We must hear the teacher. templum nobis adificandum
est = A temple is to be built by us: We must build a temple.
ludi celebrandi sunt Romanis = Games must be celebrated
by the Romans. feriae agendae sunt = Festivals
must be managed (carried out). sacrificia vobis facienda
erant = Sacrifices had to be made by you. dormiendum erit
mihi = It will have to be slept by me = I will have to sleep.
pastor quaerendus est = A shepherd must be found. hic
manendum est nobis = Here it is to be stayed by us.= We
must stay here.
Homework: Carefully read pages 172 and 174, and complete
Exercise 51.1, 52.1, and 52.2. Yes; exercises from both chapters
51 and 52. You can do it! Be sure to read all the example
sentences before you try your own translations!
Probatio parva: Sentences from 51.1, 52.1, 52.2.
Wednesday May 02
Review: No new grammar.
Read lines 1-28 of “Augustus Quintum in amicitiam suam accipit”
on pages 99-100 (chapter 50). Complete Exercise 51.2 (Translate into Latin).
Friday, May 04. Dead Day. No Class. Study!
Tuesday, May 08
10:00am-Noon Probatio Ultima (Final Exam). Room: KIMPEL HALL 308.
Recent Comments